Emissions from shipping have a carbon footprint greater than the combined greenhouse gas emissions of all passenger cars in Europe, according to a report from Brussels-based NGO Transport and Environment.

Neither container nor cruise ships are part of emissions reduction targets made by countries as part of the Paris agreement on climate change.

The organization has called for a CO2 levy to be placed on all EU shipping.  It also wants shipping emissions included in the EU’s 2030 reduction objective, as well as the upcoming EU 2050 decarbonisation target.